Choosing Paint: A Clear Guide to Formulations, Textures, and Shades
I have prepared an article for you on one of the most frequent questions: how to choose interior paint? Frankly, even though I am an experienced architect with over a thousand completed renovation projects behind me, every time a new paint supplier emerges with hundreds of innovative additives and thousands of types, you start doubting your knowledge… Therefore, I completely understand you. And today, I will share my key rules (gathered through hands-on experience): how to choose paint in Bishkek?
About Paint in Brief
I won't write long and tedious descriptions of chemical formulas; I'll just share the most important things you need to know. Essentially, all paints can be divided into two main categories: oil-based compositions (drying oils, resins) and water-based formulations.
Paints from the first group (referred to as oil-based and alkyd enamels) are diluted with organic solvents. Such paints are mostly used only for exterior work. They are rarely used indoors (and on very few surfaces) because they emit toxins and a harsh odor.
Paints of the second group — water-emulsion and water-dispersion — are thinned with water, have virtually no odor, and consist of safe components. The composition of such paints is almost identical across brands, with only the proportions varying: base substances, coloring pigments, and special additives that provide extra opacity, gloss level, abrasion resistance, etc.
There is no need to delve deep into the chemical formula of paint: the most crucial aspects are choosing the sheen level, the intended purpose (which room you need to paint), and a proven brand.
Is the Sheen Level Important?
Yes, it is very important! And not only from an aesthetic point of view. Let's break down 4 gloss levels: dead flat (ultra-matte), matte paints, satin (eggshell/semi-matte paints), and glossy formulations.
Ultra-matte paints (gloss level up to 5%):
Advantages: conceal imperfectly plastered surfaces; beautiful finish.
Disadvantages: marks remain on the surface; cannot be washed.
Application: ideal for painting ceilings and low-traffic areas.
Matte paints (gloss level from 5% to 15%):
Advantages: matte yet practical to maintain (can be cleaned with a detergent); elegant appearance (painted surfaces are compared to an eggshell).
Application: in rooms with moderate traffic.
Satin and gloss formulations (gloss level from 16% to 40%):
Advantages: perfect for wet areas (such formulas have a high latex content); easy to clean; accentuate texture.
Disadvantages: such a finish reveals all wall imperfections. The composition must be applied with a paint sprayer (hence higher material consumption).
Paint Selected, Now Choosing Color
4 Stages of Choosing a Color
Select the required paint shade at the end of the renovation, when you have definitely decided on the color of furniture, textiles, and decorative elements. Take the texture temperature into account: gloss always appears darker, while matte formulas look lighter. Glossy surfaces also look cooler in an interior. Always make sample swatches. Read my article on choosing interior colors; it will help you avoid a lot of mistakes.
About Brands
As for brands… I will say only one thing: good cheap paint does not exist — it is a myth. Only trusted (mostly European) manufacturers offer high hiding power, precise color matching (I doubt you would want to paint your walls in varying shades), and economical consumption. It is always better to select the brand your designer has already worked with; they know all its advantages and nuances of application.
I sincerely hope this material was helpful to you. More of my articles can be read here.
